Network Cabling
Network Cabling This section may be skipped by those more interested on the software aspects of networking or those learning networking, but all readers should at some time be aware of the terminology used in this section since they are used with regard to cabling. If this section is skipped by those learning networking, it should be read later. This section should be read by those who plan to physically install their own network. Types of Transmission
Physical media
Coax cable types:
*Only these are part of the IEEE specification for ethernet networks.
Cable Standards |
The Electronic Industries Association and Telecommunications Industries Association (EIA/TIA) defined a standard called EIA/TIA 568 which is a commercial building wiring standard for UTP cable. It defines transmission speed and twists per foot.
Category | Speed | Notes |
1 | None | Used for old telephone systems |
2 | 4Mps | |
3 | 10Mps | The minimum category for data networks |
4 | 16Mps | |
5 | 100Mps | Cat 5 network cable, used by most networks today |
6 | Data patch, Two pair with foil and braided shield | |
7 | Undefined | |
8 | Flat cable for under carpets with two twisted pair | |
9 | Plenum cable with two twisted pair. It is safe if you're having a fire. |
The maximum transmission length is 100 meters. This cable is susceptible to interference.
STP
Shielded twisted pair has a maximum cable length of 100 meters (328 feet). Data rate from 16 to 155 Mbps. Cables require special connectors for grounding but this cabling method resists electrical interference and is less susceptible to eavesdropping. Costs more than UTP or Thinnet, but not as much as Thicknet or Fiber-optic.
Terms
- Attenuation - Signal loss due to impedance.
- Bandwidth - Indicates the amount of data that can be sent in a time period. Measured in Mbps which is one million bits per second.
- Impedance - The amount of resistance to the transmission device.
- Interference - Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). Crosstalk - When wires pick up electromagnetic signals from nearby wires also carrying signals.
- Plenum - Space above a false ceiling in an office area where heat ducts and cables may be run. Plenum cabling is special fire resistant cabling required for use in these areas due to fire hazards.
- Shielding - Used to minimize interference.
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